Species Spotlight: Jersey Tiger Moth

I am often asked about the tropical-looking red and black butterflies in the Rosary. No, not our beloved Red Admirals - and, in actuality not even butterflies - but the fabulous Jersey Tiger Moth (Euplagia quadripunctaria). This truly stunning species has jet black, velvety forewings, shot through with cream-coloured stripes, reminiscent of a Zebra. When resting these wings act as perfect broken camouflage. When in flight or disturbed they flash their vibrant red underwings. The contrast of these colours and markings not only startle would-be predators, but also act as a warning that they are not pleasant to eat. They are cathemeral; meaning they are active during both daylight and night time hours.

A Jersey Tiger Moth in Rosary Cemetery.
Photo © Copyright Sarah Deacon.

Jersey Tiger moths were once only found on the south coast of Devon, but in recent years they have spread to Cornwall, south Wales, Sussex and Kent. In London especially, their numbers have dramatically increased, expanding into neighbouring counties, and venturing further north as we see a change the climate of the UK warming. 

In the Rosary look out for them closest to some of their favourite food sources; Buddleia, Hemp Agrimony and Ivy. Their colour, patterning and wingspan of 52-65mm make them distinctive. Their flight period is between July and September and are best observed on warmer days. Most of the Jersey Tiger moths we have recorded on site have vivid red underwings, but they can also be orange or even yellow. 

The Jersey Tiger moths favour bramble, nettle, dandelion and other perceived "weed" plants to lay their eggs. Caterpillars can be found from September until the following spring, their appearance changing through each moult. Initially pale and hairy, as they grow into their winter form they become black with two rows of cream dots along the back with bands of spiked brown hairs. When they re-emerge in the spring to feed and to moult for the final time, the black colouring becomes grey and the hairs gingery. 

By preserving the bramble and other flora in the Rosary, hopefully these striking moths will continue to flourish.

Sarah Deacon, Wildlife Officer

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